Cradle to Grave

Question: Where does the waste go? can it be recycled? what benefits of recycling? What international practice compared to Australia? Answer: Introduction: Cradle to grave analysis is a technique to evaluate the environmental impacts revolving all the different stages of the products life which start from cradle and end at the grave. This is related to extraction of the raw materials, their processing, manufacturing, distribution, repair, and disposal and recycling. The railway line between Casino to Lismore was opened in 1894. This line is connecting the Tweed and Richmond rivers. This line involves freight traffic mainly bananas. Discussion: The extension of the Lismore railway tract is surrounded by forest areas involving sawmilling and timber-getting. The main grave that exists in the area is the sawdust that comes from the processing of timber. Previously the sawdust edged from pine caused about twenty percent loss and in hardwood, the outcome was fifty percent loss. In this area, the water supply is also adequate. The nature of the waste generated everyday can be classified into solid waste which is biodegradable, slowly degradable and non-biodegradable. The waste products involve leftover food, paper, plastics, disposable cups, rugs, etc. (Thoma et al. 2013). The waste water treatment plants for a plant construction crew (WWTP) should be redeveloped in order to treat the waste. The procedure might follow the treatment in a digester; from there the treated water can be used in a wetland for irrigation and also can be used in fish farming. In the recent trends, various methods have been developed to recycle the waste products. Strategies have been implemented in order to reduce the waste products. One of the measures was the implementation of the project of sustainability which was done via selection of energy and resourceful, competent goods such as inverter air-conditioning, waterless urinals, automatic shutoff, etc. (Jiao Wood, 2014). The waste products are recycled and then reused after the disposed waste are cleaned, processed and repaired. This is achieved by recovery, segregation of the various grave components and recycles in regard to disposing of and demolish. Recycling aids to reduce the use of energy, decrease the consumption of unsullied raw materials, limits the air pollution and also water pollution. Moreover, recycling also reduces the emissions of greenhouse gases. Recycling also promotes the wise and sustainable exercise of resources. This process also restricts the quantity of waste that move to landfills (Gupta et al. 2012). The Lifecycle phases and support actions practices involve concept development, followed feasibility, detailed design, configuration management, implement and Commission and disposal. When sustainability needs are developed to obtain potential solutions, the stakeholders exerts pressure in order to compromise. For maintaining a sustainable future the Institution of Engineers Australia Code of Ethics appears to be important. Technologies are classified into two types, the mature and the emerging. For example, the carbon dioxide emissions are de-coupled by moving to non-CO2 energy in other countries rather than using finite planetary system energy. In the year 1950s, transport planning for an understanding of land was derived in the USA. This was incorporated in Australia in 1961. Such approaches can bring about sustainability in the railways (Baechler et al. 2013). Conclusion: The Lismore railway waste products involve leftover food, paper, plastics, disposable cups, rugs. Recycling aids to reduce the use of energy, decrease the consumption of unsullied raw materials, limits the air pollution and also water pollution. Moreover, recycling also reduces the emissions of greenhouse gases. Thus, it can be concluded recycling also promotes the wise and sustainable exercise of resources. This process also restricts the quantity of waste that move to landfills. References: Baechler, C., DeVuono, M., Pearce, J. M. (2013). Distributed recycling of waste polymer into RepRap feedstock.Rapid Prototyping Journal,19(2), 118-125. Gupta, V. K., Ali, I., Saleh, T. A., Nayak, A., Agarwal, S. (2012). Chemical treatment technologies for waste-water recyclingan overview.Rsc Advances,2(16), 6380-6388. Jiao, H., Wood, D. (2014). Failure of a low rail in a curved railway track subject to long term rail-wheel interactive wear. Thoma, G., Popp, J., Nutter, D., Shonnard, D., Ulrich, R., Matlock, M., ... Adom, F. (2013). Greenhouse gas emissions from milk production and consumption in the United States: A cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment circa 2008.International Dairy Journal,31, S3-S14.